10 CBSE Board Science Paper 2018-19

10 CBSE Board Science Paper 2018-19

Time allowed: 3 hours
Date: 13/03/2019
M.M.: 80
Class: 10th
Subject: Science

General Instructions:

• The question paper comprises five sections, A, B, C, D and E. You are to attempt all the sections.
• All questions are compulsory.
• Internal choice is given in sections B, C, D and E.
• Question numbers 1 and 2 in Section A are marks questions. They are to answered in one word or in one sentence.
• Question number 3 to 5 in Section B are two-marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30 words each.
• Question number 6 to 15 in Section C are three-marks questions. These are to be answered in about 50 words each.
• Question number 16 to 21 in Section D are five-marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30 words each.
• Question number 22 to 27 in Section E are based on practical skills. Each question is a two marks question. These are to be answered in brief.

Section A

Question: 1. If you could use any source of energy for heating your food which one would you prefer? State one reason for your choice. [1]

Question: 2. Write the function of voltmeter in an electric circuit. [1]

Section B

Question: 3. What happens to the image distance in the normal human eye when we decrease the distance of an object, say 10 m to 1 m ? Justify your answer. [2]

Question: 4. List two different functions performed by pancreas in our body. [2]

Question: 5. How it can be proved that the basic structure of the Modern Periodic Table is based on the electronic configuration of atoms of different elements? [2]

OR

The electronic configuration of an element is 2, 8, 4. State its:
(a) group and period in the Modern Periodic Table.
(b) name and write its one physical property.

Section C

Question: 6. How can we help in reducing the problem of waste disposal? Suggest any three methods. [3]

OR

Define an ecosystem. Draw a block diagram to show the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

Question: 7. List three advantages each of:
(i) exploiting resources with short term aims, and
(ii) using a long term perspective in managing our natural resources. [3]

Question: 8. What is a rainbow? Draw a labelled diagram to show the formation of a rainbow. [3]

Question: 9. Nervous and hormonal systems together perform the function of control and coordination in human beings. Justify this statement with the help of an example. [3]

Question: 10. Trace the sequence of events which occur when a bright light is focused on your eyes. [3]

Question: 11. What is photosynthesis? Explain its mechanism. [3]

Question: 12. Name the plant Mendel used for his experiment. What type of progeny was obtained by Mendel in F₁ and F₂ generations when he crossed the tall and short plants? Write the ratio he obtained in F₂ generation plants. [3]

OR

List two differences between acquired traits and inherited traits by giving an example of each.

Question: 13. 2 g of silver chloride is taken in a china dish and the dish is placed in sunlight for sometime. What will be your observation in this case? Write the chemical reaction involved in the form of a balanced chemical equation. Identify the type of chemical reaction. [3]

OR

Identify the type of reactions taking in each of the following cases and write the balanced chemical equation for the reactions.
(a)Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver.
(b) Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate to produce potassium nitrate and lead iodide.

Question: 14. Based on the group valency of elements write the molecular formula of the following compounds giving justification for each:
(i) Oxide of first group elements.
(ii) Halide of the elements of group thirteen, and
(iii) Compound formed when an element, A of group 2 combines with an element, B of group seventeen. [3]

Question: 15. Explain the following:
(a) Sodium chloride is an ionic compound which does not conduct electricity in solid state where as it does conduct electricity in molten state as well as in aqueous solution.
(b) Reactivity of aluminium decrease if it dipped in nitric acid.
(c) Metals like calcium and magnesium are never found in their free state in nature. [3]

Section D

Question: 16.

(a) With the help of a suitable circuit diagram prove that the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.
(b) In an electric circuit two resistors of 12 Ω each are joined in parallel to a 6 V battery. Find the current drawn from the battery.

OR

An electric lamp of resistance 20 Ω and a conductor of resistance 4 Ω are connected to a 6 V battery  as shown in the circuit. Calculate:

(a) the total resistance of the circuit,
(b) the current through the circuit,
(c) the potential difference across the (i) electric lamp and (ii) conductor, and
(d) power of the lamp.

Question: 17.

(a) Draw magnetic field lines produced around a current carrying straight conductor passing through a cardboard. Name, state and apply the rule to mark the direction of these field lines.
(b) How will the strength of the magnetic field change when the point where magnetic field is to be determined is moved away from the straight wire carrying constant current? Justify your answer. [5]

Question: 18. An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.
(i) Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens.
(ii) List four characteristic of the image (nature, position, size, erect / inverted) formed by the lens in this case.
(iii) Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii). [5]

Question: 19. Define pollination. Explain the different types of pollination. List two agents of pollination? How does suitable pollination lead to fertilization? [5]

OR

(a) Identify the given diagram. Name the parts 1 to 5.

(b) What is contraception? List three advantages of adopting contraceptive measures.

Question: 20. Write the chemical formula and name of the compound which is the active ingredient of all alcoholic drinks. List its two uses. Write chemical equation and name of the product formed when this compound reacts with –
(i) sodium metal
(ii) hot concentrated sulphuric acid. [5]

OR

What is methane? Draw its electron dot structure. Name the type of bonds formed in this compound. Why are such compounds?
(i) Poor conductors of electricity and
(ii) Have low melting and boiling points? What happens when this compound burns in oxygen?

Question: 21. Write the main difference between an acid and a base. With the help of suitable examples explain the term neutralization and the formation of –
(i) acidic,
(ii) basic and
(iii) neutral salts.

Section E

Question: 22. In the experimental set up to show that “CO₂ is given out during respiration”, name the substance taken in the small test tube kept in the conical flask. State its function and the consequence of its use. [2]

Question: 23. A student is observing the temporary mount of a leaf peel under a microscope. Draw labelled diagram of the structure of stomata as seen under the microscope. [2]

OR

Draw a labelled diagram in proper sequence to show budding in hydra.

Question: 24. List four precautions Which a student should observe while determining the focal length of the given convex lens by obtaining image of a distant object on a screen. [2]

Question: 25. While studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it, in order to determine the resistance of the resistor, a student took 5 readings for different values of current and plotted a graph between V and I. He got a straight line graph passing through the origin. What does the straight line signify? Write the method of determining resistance of the resister using this graph. [2]

OR

What would you suggest to a student if while performing an experiment he finds that the pointer / needle of the scales when circuit is open? No extra ammeter / voltmeter is available in the laboratory.

Question: 26. In three test tubes A, B and C, three different liquid namely, distilled water, underground water and distilled water in which a pinch of calcium sulphate is added to each test tube and the contents are shaken. In which test tube will the length of the foam (lather) be longest? Justify your answer. [2]

Question: 27. Blue litmus solution is added to two test tubes A and B containing dilute HCl and NaOH solution respectively. In which test tube a colour change will be observed? State the colour change and give its reason.

OR

What is observed when 2 ml of dilute hydroelectric acid is added to 1 g of sodium carbonate taken in a clean and dry test tube? Write chemical equation for the reaction involved.